Identifiers and Keywords

DeltaStream SQL uses a lexical policy for identifiers (such as tables, columns, and function names) similar to SQL:

• The case of identifiers is not preserved unless they are quoted.

• Double-quotes " and back-ticks ` allow identifiers to contain non-alphanumeric characters, e.g. SELECT a AS `my field` FROM t.

String literals must be enclosed in single quotes ', e.g., '你好 Joe'. Duplicate a single quote for escaping, e.g., SELECT 'It''s me'.

Reserved Keywords

The following is a list of reserved keywords in DeltaStream SQL:

A	ABS	ABSOLUTE
ACTION	ADA	ADD
ADMIN	ADVANCE	AFTER
ALL	ALLOCATE	ALLOW
ALTER	ALWAYS	ANALYZE
AND	ANY	APPROXIMATE
ARE	ARRAY	AS
ASC	ASENSITIVE	ASSERTION
ASSIGNMENT	ASYMMETRIC	AT
ATOMIC	ATTRIBUTE	ATTRIBUTES
AUTHORIZATION	AVG	BEFORE
BEGIN	BERNOULLI	BETWEEN
BIGINT	BINARY	BIT
BLOB	BOOLEAN	BOTH
BREADTH	BY	BYTES
C	CALL	CALLED
CARDINALITY	CASCADE	CASCADED
CASE	CAST	CATALOG
CATALOG_NAME	CATALOGS	CEIL
CEILING	CENTURY	CHAIN
CHANGELOG	CHAR	CHAR_LENGTH
CHARACTER	CHARACTER_LENGTH	CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG
CHARACTER_SET_NAME	CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA	CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERS	CHECK	CLASS_ORIGIN
CLOB	CLOSE	COALESCE
COBOL	COLLATE	COLLATION
COLLATION_CATALOG	COLLATION_NAME	COLLATION_SCHEMA
COLLECT	COLUMN	COLUMN_NAME
COLUMNS	COMMAND_FUNCTION	COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE
COMMIT	COMMITTED	CONDITION
CONDITION_NUMBER	CONFIDENCE	CONNECT
CONNECTION	CONNECTION_NAME	CONSTRAINT
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG	CONSTRAINT_NAME	CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
CONSTRAINTS	CONSTRUCTOR	CONTAINS
CONTINUE	CONVERT	CORR
CORRESPONDING	COUNT	COVAR_POP
COVAR_SAMP	CREATE	CROSS
CSTREAM	CUBE	CUME_DIST
CUMULATE	CURRENT	CURRENT_CATALOG
CURRENT_DATE	CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP	CURRENT_PATH
CURRENT_ROLE	CURRENT_SCHEMA	CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE	CURRENT_USER
CURSOR	CURSOR_NAME	CYCLE
DATA	DATABASE	DATE
DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE	DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION	DAY
DAYS	DEALLOCATE	DEC
DECADE	DECIMAL	DECLARE
DEFAULT	DEFAULTS	DEFERRABLE
DEFERRED	DEFINED	DEFINER
DEGREE	DELETE	DENSE_RANK
DEPTH	DEREF	DERIVED
DESC	DESCRIBE	DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTOR	DETERMINISTIC	DIAGNOSTICS
DISALLOW	DISCONNECT	DISPATCH
DISTINCT	DISTRIBUTED	DOMAIN
DOUBLE	DOW	DOY
DROP	DYNAMIC	DYNAMIC_FUNCTION
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE	EACH	ELEMENT
ELSE	END	END-EXEC
EPOCH	EQUALS	ESCAPE
EVERY	EXCEPT	EXCEPTION
EXCLUDE	EXCLUDING	EXEC
EXECUTE	EXISTS	EXP
EXPLAIN	EXPORT	EXTEND
EXTENDED	EXTERNAL	EXTRACT
FALSE	FETCH	FILTER
FINAL	FIRST	FIRST_VALUE
FLOAT	FLOOR	FOLLOWING
FOR	FOREIGN	FORMAT
FORTRAN	FOUND	FRAC_SECOND
FREE	FROM	FULL
FUNCTION	FUNCTIONS	FUSION
G	GAP	GENERAL
GENERATED	GET	GLOBAL
GO	GOTO	GRANT
GRANTED	GRAPHVIZ	GROUP
GROUPING	HAVING	HIERARCHY
HOLD	HOP	HOPPING
HOUR	HOURS	IDENTITY
IF	IMMEDIATE	IMPLEMENTATION
IMPORT	IN	INCLUDING
INCREMENT	INDICATOR	INITIALLY
INNER	INOUT	INPUT
INSENSITIVE	INSERT	INSTANCE
INSTANTIABLE	INT	INTEGER
INTERSECT	INTERSECTION	INTERVAL
INTO	INVOKER	IS
ISOLATION	JAVA	JOIN
K	KEY	KEY_MEMBER
KEY_TYPE	LABEL	LANGUAGE
LARGE	LAST	LAST_VALUE
LATERAL	LEADING	LEFT
LENGTH	LEVEL	LIBRARY
LIKE	LIMIT	LIST
LN	LOAD	LOCAL
LOCALTIME	LOCALTIMESTAMP	LOCATOR
LOGICAL	LOWER	M
MAP	MATCH	MATCHED
MATERIALIZED	MAX	MAXVALUE
MEMBER	MERGE	MESSAGE_LENGTH
MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH	MESSAGE_TEXT	METADATA
METHOD	MICROSECOND	MILLENNIUM
MILLISECOND	MILLISECONDS	MIN
MINUTE	MINUTES	MINVALUE
MOD	MODIFIES	MODULE
MODULES	MONTH	MONTHS
MORE	MULTISET	MUMPS
NAME	NAMES	NATIONAL
NATURAL	NCHAR	NCLOB
NESTING	NEW	NEXT
NFC	NFD	NFKC
NFKD	NO	NONE
NORMALIZE	NORMALIZED	NOT
NULL	NULLABLE	NULLIF
NULLS	NUMBER	NUMERIC
OBJECT	OCTET_LENGTH	OCTETS
OF	OFFSET	OLD
ON	ONLY	OPEN
OPTION	OPTIONS	OR
ORDER	ORDERING	ORDINALITY
OTHERS	OUT	OUTER
OUTPUT	OVER	OVERLAPS
OVERLAY	OVERRIDING	OWNER
PAD	PARAMETER	PARAMETER_MODE
PARAMETER_NAME	PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION	PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME	PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA	PARTIAL
PARTITION	PARTITIONS	PASCAL
PASSTHROUGH	PATH	PERCENT_RANK
PERCENTILE_CONT	PERCENTILE_DISC	PLACING
PLAN	PLI	POISSONIZED
POSITION	POWER	PRECEDING
PRECISION	PREPARE	PRESERVE
PRIMARY	PRINT	PRIOR
PRIVILEGES	PROCEDURE	PROPERTIES
PUBLIC	QUARTER	QUERIES
QUERY	RANGE	RANK
RAW	READ	READS
REAL	RECURSIVE	REF
REFERENCES	REFERENCING	REGISTER
REGISTERED	REGR_AVGX	REGR_AVGY
REGR_COUNT	REGR_INTERCEPT	REGR_R2
REGR_SLOPE	REGR_SXX	REGR_SXY
REGR_SYY	REJECT	RELATION
RELATIVE	RELEASE	RENAME
REPEATABLE	REPLACE	REPLICAS
RESCALED	RESET	RESTART
RESTRICT	RESULT	RETURN
RETURNED_CARDINALITY	RETURNED_LENGTH	RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH
RETURNED_SQLSTATE	RETURNS	REVOKE
RIGHT	ROLE	ROLLBACK
ROLLUP	ROUTINE	ROUTINE_CATALOG
ROUTINE_NAME	ROUTINE_SCHEMA	ROW
ROW_COUNT	ROW_NUMBER	ROWS
RUN	SAMPLE	SAVEPOINT
SCALE	SCHEMA	SCHEMA_NAME
SCHEMAS	SCOPE	SCOPE_CATALOGS
SCOPE_NAME	SCOPE_SCHEMA	SCRIPT
SCROLL	SEARCH	SECOND
SECONDS	SECTION	SECURITY
SELECT	SELF	SENSITIVE
SEQUENCE	SERIALIZABLE	SERVER
SERVER_NAME	SESSION	SESSION_USER
SET	SETS	SHOW
SIMILAR	SIMPLE	SIZE
SMALLINT	SOME	SOURCE
SPACE	SPECIFIC	SPECIFIC_NAME
SPECIFICTYPE	SQL	SQL_TSI_DAY
SQL_TSI_FRAC_SECOND	SQL_TSI_HOUR	SQL_TSI_MICROSECOND
SQL_TSI_MINUTE	SQL_TSI_MONTH	SQL_TSI_QUARTER
SQL_TSI_SECOND	SQL_TSI_WEEK	SQL_TSI_YEAR
SQLEXCEPTION	SQLSTATE	SQLWARNING
SQRT	START	STATE
STATEMENT	STATIC	STDDEV_POP
STDDEV_SAMP	STEP	STRATIFY
STREAM	STRING	STRUCT
STRUCTURE	STYLE	SUBCLASS_ORIGIN
SUBMULTISET	SUBSTITUTE	SUBSTRING
SUM	SYMMETRIC	SYSTEM
SYSTEM_USER	TABLE	TABLE_NAME
TABLES	TABLESAMPLE	TEMPORARY
TEXT	THEN	TIES
TIME	TIMESTAMP	TIMESTAMPADD
TIMESTAMPDIFF	TIMEZONE_HOUR	TIMEZONE_MINUTE
TINYINT	TO	TOP_LEVEL_COUNT
TRAILING	TRANSACTION	TRANSACTIONS_ACTIVE
TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED	TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK	TRANSFORM
TRANSFORMS	TRANSLATE	TRANSLATION
TREAT	TRIGGER	TRIGGER_CATALOG
TRIGGER_NAME	TRIGGER_SCHEMA	TRIM
TRUE	TRY	TRY_CAST
TUMBLE	TUMBLING	TYPE
UESCAPE	UNBOUNDED	UNCOMMITTED
UNDER	UNION	UNIQUE
UNKNOWN	UNNAMED	UNNEST
UNSET	UPDATE	UPPER
UPSERT	USAGE	USE
USER	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA	USING
VALUE	VALUES	VAR_POP
VAR_SAMP	VARBINARY	VARCHAR
VARYING	VERSION	VIEW
WEEK	WHEN	WHENEVER
WHERE	WIDTH_BUCKET	WINDOW
WITH	WITHIN	WITHOUT
WORK	WRAPPER	WRITE
XML	YEAR	YEARS